Learning Objectives The learner will be able to,

• Explore the parts of the flowering plant.
• Differentiate vegetative morphology and reproductive morpholog.
• Compare various Root systems and their modification.
• Understand the stem modifications and function.
• Interpret the structure and functions of leaf

The study of various external features of the organism is known as Morphology. Plant Morphology is also known as external morphology that deals with the study of shape, size and structure of plants and their parts (roots, stems, leaves, flowers, fruits and seeds). Study of Morphology is important in Taxonomy. Morphological features are important in determining productivity of crops. Morphological characters indicate the specific habitats of living as well as the fossil plants and help to correlate the distribution in space and time of fossil plants. Morphological features are also significant for phylogeny. Plant Morphology can be studied under two broad categories:

A. Vegetative Morphology – It includes shoot system and root system

B. Reproductive Morphology – It includes Flower/Inflorescence, Fruit and Seed

A. Vegetative morphology

Vegetative morphology deals with the study of shape, size and structure of plants and their parts like roots, stems and leaves. To understand the vegetative morphology the following important components are to be studied. They are, 1) Habit, 2) Habitat and 3) Lifespan.