IUPAC nomenclature of Carboxylic acids
Compound (common name, Structural
formula, IUPAC Name)
IUPAC Name
Prefix with position number
Root used
Primary suffix
Secondary Suffix
Formic acid HCOOH
methanoicacid – meth ane/ oicacid
Acetic acid
CH3COOH
Ethanoic acid
– eth ane/ oicacid
Isobutyric acid
(CH3)2CHCOOH
2 – methylpropanoic acid
2 – methyl prop ane/ oicacid
Phenyl acetic acid
CH2COOH
2-phenyl ethanoic acid
2-phenyl eth ane/ oicacid
Oxalic acid HOOC - COOH
ethane–1, 2 – dioicacid
– eth ane 1, 2 –
dioicacid
XII U12-Carbonyl Compounds.indd 168 2/19/2020 5:15:13 PM
| C ompound(common name, Structural formula, IUPAC Name) | IUPAC Name | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Prex with position number | Rootused | Primar y sux | Secondar ySux | |
| Formic acidHCO OHmethanoicacid | – | meth | ane/ | oicacid |
| Acetic acidCH CO OHEthanoic acid3 | – | eth | ane/ | oicacid |
| Isobutyric acid(CH ) CHCO OH2 – methylpropanoic acid3 2 | 2 – methyl | prop | ane/ | oicacid |
| Phenyl acetic acidCH COOH2-phenyl ethanoic acid2 | 2-phenyl | eth | ane/ | oicacid |
| Oxalic acidHOOC - COOHethane–1, 2 – dioicacid | – | eth | ane | 1, 2 – dioicacid |
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Malonic acid
HOOC-CH2-COOH
Propanedioic acid
– prop ane 1, 3 –
dioicacid
Succinic acid HOOC-(CH2)2-COOH
Butanedioic acid – but ane
1, 4 – dioicacid
Glutaric acid HOOC-(CH2)3-COOH
Pentanedioic acid – pent ane
1,5 – dioicacid
Adipic acid HOOC-(CH2)4-COOH
Hexanedioic acid – hex ane
1,6 – dioicacid