Character streams are designed to handle text data (Unicode characters). These classes automatically handle character encoding and decoding.

• Reader – Abstract class for reading character streams.
• Writer – Abstract class for writing character streams.

• FileReader / FileWriter – Read/write characters from/to files.
• BufferedReader / BufferedWriter – Buffer characters for efficient reading/writing.
• PrintWriter – Convenient methods to write formatted text (like println).

try (BufferedReader reader = new BufferedReader(new FileReader("data.txt"))) {
    String line;
    while ((line = reader.readLine()) != null) {
        System.out.println(line);
    }
}